The human foot was specially designed to allow standing in the upright position. Our foot is made up of three main structures that provide arch support and function: the keystone bone, wedge-shaped bones, and ligaments. The bones must be present or else the arch will fail to support and balance the weight of the body. The ligaments are essential in keeping the bones together and creating firmness and flexibility providing stability and the ability to walk, run, and jump in the vertical posture. On the other hand, apes do not have arched feet, they utilize their feet just like hands to grip things such as branches. The amazing arch is irreducibly complex and must be there in its entirety in order for optimal upright performance.
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